Why Do Women Live Longer Than Men

Everywhere in the world women live longer than men - but this was not always the case. The available data from rich countries shows that women didn't live longer than men in the 19th century. What makes women live longer than men, and why has this advantage increased over time? The evidence is limited and we only have limited answers. We recognize that biological, behavioral and environmental factors play a role in the fact that women have longer lives than men, but we don't know exactly how strong the relative contribution of each one of these factors is.

Independently of the exact number of pounds, we know that at least part of the reason women live longer than men do today however not as in the past, is to be due to the fact that certain important non-biological aspects have changed. The factors changing are numerous. Some are well known and relatively straightforward, like the fact that men smoke more often. Some are more complex. For example, there is evidence that in rich countries the female advantage increased in part because infectious diseases used to affect women disproportionately a century ago, so advances in medicine that reduced the long-term health burden from infectious diseases, especially for survivors, اوضاع الجماع ended up raising women's longevity disproportionately.

Everywhere in the world women tend to live longer than men
The first chart below shows life expectancy at birth for اوضاع الجماع (Suggested Website) men and women. It is clear that all countries are above the line of parity diagonally. This means that a newborn girl in all countries can expect to live longer than her younger brother.

The chart above shows that, while the advantage for women exists in all countries, difference between countries is huge. In Russia women have a longer life span than men, while in Bhutan the difference is just half one year.

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In wealthy countries, the women's advantage in longevity was not as great.
Let's see how the female longevity advantage has changed in the course of time. The chart below shows male and female life expectancy at the time of birth in the US in the years 1790 until 2014. Two things stand out.

There is an upward trend. Men and women in America have longer lives than they used to a century ago. This is in line with historical increases in life expectancy everywhere in the world.

The gap is getting wider: Although the female advantage in terms of life expectancy was tiny It has significantly increased with time.

You can verify that these principles are also applicable to other countries with data by clicking the "Change country" option on the chart. This includes the UK, France, and Sweden.