Why Do Women Live Longer Than Men

Everywhere in the world women live longer than men - but this was not always the case. The available data from rich countries shows that women didn't live longer than men in the 19th century. Why do women live much longer than men today and why have these advantages gotten bigger in the past? The evidence is limited and we're left with only limited solutions. We are aware that behavioral, biological and environmental factors contribute to the fact that women are healthier than men; However, كيفية ممارسة العلاقة الزوجية فى الاسلام (glorynote.com) we're not sure how significant the impact of each factor is.

We are aware that women live longer than males, regardless of weight. But it is not because of certain biological or non-biological factors have changed. What are the factors that are changing? Some are well known and relatively straightforward, like the fact that men smoke more often. Certain are more complicated. For example, there is evidence that in rich countries the female advantage increased in part because infectious diseases used to affect women disproportionately a century ago, so advances in medicine that reduced the long-term health burden from infectious diseases, especially for survivors, ended up raising women's longevity disproportionately.

Everywhere in the world women tend to live longer than men
The first chart below shows life expectancy at birth for men and women. As you can see, every country is above the diagonal parity line - it means that in all nations baby girls can expect to live for longer than a newborn boy.1

This chart shows that, although there is a women's advantage in all countries, the differences across countries can be significant. In Russia, women live for 10 years longer than men. In Bhutan the difference is just half a year.

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In rich countries the female advantage in longevity was not as great.
Let's examine how the female longevity advantage has changed over time. The next chart compares the male and female lifespans at birth in the US over the period 1790-2014. Two distinct points stand out.

The first is that there is an upward trend. Both genders in America have longer lives than they used to a century ago. This is in line with historical increases in life expectancy everywhere in the world.

Second, the gap is getting wider: Although the advantage of women in life expectancy used to be tiny but it has risen significantly over time.

You can confirm that these are applicable to other countries that have data by clicking on the "Change country" option on the chart. This includes the UK, France, and Sweden.