Why Do Women Live Longer Than Men

Everywhere in the world women live longer than men - but this was not always the case. The available data from rich countries shows that women didn't live longer than men in the 19th century. Why do women live so much longer than men today, and why have these advantages gotten bigger in the past? The evidence isn't conclusive and we have only limited solutions. Although we know that there are behavioral, biological and environmental factors that all play a role in the longevity of women over men, we don't know what percentage each factor plays in.

In spite of how much amount of weight, we are aware that a large portion of the reason why women live so much longer than men and not in the past, has to have to do with the fact that some significant non-biological elements have changed. These variables are evolving. Some are well known and افضل شامبو وبلسم relatively straightforward, like the fact that men smoke more often. Others are more complicated. For example, there is evidence that in rich countries the female advantage increased in part because infectious diseases used to affect women disproportionately a century ago, so advances in medicine that reduced the long-term health burden from infectious diseases, especially for survivors, افضل شامبو وبلسم ended up raising women's longevity disproportionately.

Everywhere in the world women tend to live longer than men
The first chart below shows life expectancy at birth for men and women. It is clear that every country is above the diagonal line of parity. This means that a newborn girl in all countries can anticipate to live longer than her brothers.

This chart shows that, although there is a women's advantage in all countries, the differences across countries can be substantial. In Russia women are 10 years older than men; in Bhutan the gap is just half a year.

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The advantage women had in life expectancy was less in rich countries than it is now.
We will now examine how the advantage of women in longevity has changed over time. The following chart shows the life expectancy of males and females when they were born in the US between 1790 and 2014. Two distinct features stand out.

First, there is an upward trend: Men and women in the US have a much longer life span longer than they did 100 years ago. This is in line with historical increases in life expectancy everywhere in the world.

The gap is getting wider: Although the advantage of women in life expectancy was extremely small It has significantly increased over time.

If you select the option "Change country by country' in the chart, determine if these two points apply to the other countries with available information: Sweden, France and the UK.