Why Do Women Live Longer Than Men

Everywhere in the world women live longer than men - but this was not always the case. The available data from rich countries shows that women didn't live longer than men in the 19th century. What's the main reason women have a longer life span than men? And why has this advantage gotten larger over time? There isn't much evidence and we're only able to provide partial solutions. We recognize that biological, behavioral and environmental factors contribute to the fact that women are healthier than men; however, we do not know how strong the relative contribution of each factor is.

We are aware that women live longer than men, regardless of weight. However it is not due to the fact that certain biological factors have changed. These are the factors that are changing. Some are well known and relatively straightforward, like the fact that men smoke more often. Some are more complex. For example, there is evidence that in rich countries the female advantage increased in part because infectious diseases used to affect women disproportionately a century ago, اوضاع الجماع so advances in medicine that reduced the long-term health burden from infectious diseases, especially for اوضاع الجماع (glorynote.com) survivors, ended up raising women's longevity disproportionately.

Everywhere in the world women tend to live longer than men
The first chart below shows life expectancy at birth for men and women. We can see that all countries are over the diagonal line of parity. This means that a newborn girl from any country can expect to live longer than her younger brother.

This chart illustrates that, while there is a female advantage throughout the world, the differences between countries are often significant. In Russia, women live for 10 years longer than men. In Bhutan the gap is only half a year.

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The female advantage in terms of life expectancy was lower in developed countries that it is today.
Let's take a look at how the female longevity advantage has changed over time. The following chart shows the men and women's life expectancies at the birth in the US between 1790 to 2014. Two areas stand out.

First, there's an upward trend. Men and women in the US live much, much longer than they did a century ago. This is in line with historical increases in life expectancy everywhere in the world.

Second, the gap is widening: While the female advantage in life expectancy was very small however, it has grown significantly in the past.

When you click on the option "Change country in the chart, you will be able to confirm that the two points also apply to other countries with available information: Sweden, France and the UK.