Why Do Women Live Longer Than Men

Everywhere in the world women live longer than men - but this was not always the case. The available data from rich countries shows that women didn't live longer than men in the 19th century. Why do women live longer than men in the present, ابر التخسيس and why is this difference growing over time? There is only limited evidence and the evidence isn't sufficient to reach a definitive conclusion. We know there are biological, psychological as well as environmental factors which play a significant role in women living longer than men, we do not know how much each factor contributes.

In spite of the number of pounds, we know that at a minimum, the reason why women live so much longer than men do today but not previously, has to be due to the fact that several fundamental non-biological factors have changed. These factors are changing. Some are well known and relatively straightforward, like the fact that men smoke more often. There are other issues that are more intricate. For example, there is evidence that in rich countries the female advantage increased in part because infectious diseases used to affect women disproportionately a century ago, so advances in medicine that reduced the long-term health burden from infectious diseases, especially for survivors, ended up raising women's longevity disproportionately.

Everywhere in the world women tend to live longer than men
The first chart below shows life expectancy at birth for men and women. We can see that all countries are above the diagonal parity line , it means that in all nations the newborn girl is likely to live for longer than a newborn boy.1

This chart shows that, although there is a women's advantage across all countries, differences between countries can be significant. In Russia women have an average of 10 years more than men. In Bhutan the difference is less than half one year.

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The advantage for women in life expectancy was less in the richer countries that it is today.
We will now examine how the female advantage in longevity has changed with time. The chart below illustrates the male and female life expectancies at the time of birth in the US between 1790 until 2014. Two areas stand out.

First, there is an upward trend. Both genders in America have longer lives than they were a century ago. This is in line with historical increases in life expectancy everywhere in the world.

There is an increase in the gap between men and women: female advantage in life expectancy used be extremely small but it increased substantially over the course of the last century.

It is possible to verify that these are applicable to other countries that have information by clicking on the "Change country" option in the chart. This includes the UK, France, and Sweden.