Why Do Women Live Longer Than Men

Everywhere in the world women live longer than men - but this was not always the case. The available data from rich countries shows that women didn't live longer than men in the 19th century. What's the main reason women have a longer life span than men? What is the reason has this advantage gotten larger in the past? We have only a small amount of evidence and the evidence isn't sufficient to support an absolute conclusion. We know there are biological, behavioral as well as environmental factors that play an integral role in the longevity of women over men, we don't know what percentage each factor plays in.

Independently of the exact weight, we know that at least part of the reason why women live so much longer than men do today, but not previously, has to have to do with the fact that certain key non-biological factors have changed. These are the factors that are changing. Some are well known and relatively straightforward, like the fact that men smoke more often. There are other issues that are more intricate. For example, there is evidence that in rich countries the female advantage increased in part because infectious diseases used to affect women disproportionately a century ago, so advances in medicine that reduced the long-term health burden from infectious diseases, especially for survivors, افضل كريم للشعر ended up raising women's longevity disproportionately.

Everywhere in the world women tend to live longer than men
The first chart below shows life expectancy at birth for men and women. As you can see, all countries are above the diagonal parity line - this means in all countries a newborn girl can expect to live for longer than a new boy.1

The chart above shows that while the female advantage is present everywhere, difference between countries is huge. In Russia women are 10 years older than men. In Bhutan the gap is just half one year.

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The advantage women had in life expectancy was much lower in the richer countries as compared to the present.
Let's look at how female longevity advantage has changed in the course of time. The following chart shows the men and افضل كريم للشعر women's life expectancies when they were born in the US in the years 1790 until 2014. Two distinct features stand out.

First, there is an upward trend: Men and women in the US have a much longer life span longer today than a century ago. This is in line with historical increases in life expectancy everywhere in the world.

Second, there's a widening gap: The female advantage in terms of life expectancy used be very small however, it has increased significantly over the course of the last century.

If you select the option "Change country' on the chart, you are able to confirm that the two points apply to the other countries with available information: Sweden, France and the UK.