Why Do Women Live Longer Than Men

Everywhere in the world women live longer than men - but this was not always the case. The available data from rich countries shows that women didn't live longer than men in the 19th century. What makes women live longer than men in the present, and why does this benefit increase in the past? We have only a small amount of evidence and the evidence is not sufficient to reach an unambiguous conclusion. Although we know that there are behavioral, biological as well as environmental factors that play an integral role in women's longevity more than men, we do not know how much each one contributes.

In spite of how much amount of weight, we are aware that at least part of the reason women live so much longer than men in the present however not as in the past, has to have to do with the fact that certain key non-biological factors have changed. What are these new factors? Some are well known and relatively straightforward, like the fact that men smoke more often. Others are more complex. For example, there is evidence that in rich countries the female advantage increased in part because infectious diseases used to affect women disproportionately a century ago, so advances in medicine that reduced the long-term health burden from infectious diseases, العاب زوجية especially for survivors, ended up raising women's longevity disproportionately.

Everywhere in the world women tend to live longer than men
The first chart below shows life expectancy at birth for men and women. We can see that all countries are above the diagonal parity line , this means in all countries the newborn girl is likely to live for longer than a new boy.1

This chart is interesting in that it shows that although the female advantage exists across all countries, the cross-country differences are large. In Russia women have an average of 10 years more than men; in Bhutan the gap is just half an hour.

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The female advantage in terms of life expectancy was lower in developed countries as compared to the present.
Let's now look at how the advantage of women in terms of longevity has changed over time. The chart below shows male and female life expectancy at the birth in the US between 1790 to 2014. Two points stand العاب زوجية (https://glorynote.com/) out.

The first is that there is an upward trend. Women and men in America have longer lives than they were 100 years ago. This is in line with historical increases in life expectancy everywhere in the world.

There is an ever-widening gap: female advantage in terms of life expectancy used to be quite small but it increased substantially over the course of the last century.

By selecting 'Change Country by country' in the chart, you are able to check that these two points also apply to the other countries with available information: Sweden, France and the UK.