Why Do Women Live Longer Than Men

Everywhere in the world women live longer than men - but this was not always the case. The available data from rich countries shows that women didn't live longer than men in the 19th century. What is the reason women live more than men do today and how has this advantage increased over time? We have only a small amount of evidence and the evidence isn't strong enough to make an unambiguous conclusion. We are aware that behavioral, biological and ابر التخسيس (pop over here) environmental factors play a role in the fact that women live longer than men; However, we're not sure how much the influence of each one of these factors is.

It is known that women are living longer than males, regardless of weight. However it is not due to the fact that certain non-biological factors have changed. These are the factors that are changing. Some are well known and relatively straightforward, like the fact that men smoke more often. Some are more complex. For example, there is evidence that in rich countries the female advantage increased in part because infectious diseases used to affect women disproportionately a century ago, so advances in medicine that reduced the long-term health burden from infectious diseases, especially for survivors, ended up raising women's longevity disproportionately.

Everywhere in the world women tend to live longer than men
The first chart below shows life expectancy at birth for men and women. We can see that every country is over the line of parity diagonally. This means that a newborn girl from every country could expect to live longer than her brothers.

This chart shows that, although there is a women's advantage across all countries, differences between countries can be significant. In Russia women are 10 years older than men, while in Bhutan the difference is just half each year.

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The advantage of women in life expectancy was much lower in the richer countries than it is today.
Let's examine how the gender advantage in longevity has changed over time. The next chart compares the life expectancy of males and females at birth in the US between 1790 and 2014. Two points stand out.

The first is that there is an upward trend. Both men as well as women in the US live a lot, much longer today than a century ago. This is in line with historical increases in life expectancy everywhere in the world.

The second is that there is an increase in the gap between men and women: female advantage in life expectancy used to be very small however, it has increased significantly during the last century.

When you click on the option "Change country from the chart, verify that these two points also apply to the other countries having available information: Sweden, France and the UK.