Why Do Women Live Longer Than Men

Everywhere in the world women live longer than men - but this was not always the case. The available data from rich countries shows that women didn't live longer than men in the 19th century. What makes women live more than men do today, and علامات الحمل بولد why have these advantages gotten bigger over time? The evidence is sketchy and we're left with only incomplete solutions. We know there are biological, behavioral, and environmental factors that all play a role in women's longevity more than men, we do not know the extent to which each factor plays a role.

It is known that women live longer than males, regardless of weight. However it is not because of certain non-biological factors have changed. What are these changing factors? Some are well known and relatively straightforward, like the fact that men smoke more often. There are other issues that are more intricate. For example, there is evidence that in rich countries the female advantage increased in part because infectious diseases used to affect women disproportionately a century ago, so advances in medicine that reduced the long-term health burden from infectious diseases, especially for علامات الحمل بولد survivors, ended up raising women's longevity disproportionately.

Everywhere in the world women tend to live longer than men
The first chart below shows life expectancy at birth for men and women. It is clear that all countries are above the line of parity diagonally. This implies that a baby girl from any country can be expected to live for longer than her older brother.

The chart above shows that, while the advantage for women exists across all countries, the country-specific differences are huge. In Russia women live 10 years longer than men. In Bhutan, the difference is less that half a year.

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In the richer countries, the women's advantage in longevity was previously smaller.
Let's look at how female longevity advantage has changed in the course of time. The next chart shows the life expectancy of males and females at birth in the US during the time period between 1790 and 2014. Two things stand out.

First, there's an upward trend. Both men as well as women in the US live much, much longer today than a century ago. This is in line with historical increases in life expectancy everywhere in the world.

The gap is growing: Although the advantage of women in terms of life expectancy was tiny however, it has grown significantly over time.

It is possible to verify that these points are also applicable to other countries that have information by clicking on the "Change country" option in the chart. This includes the UK, France, and Sweden.