Why Do Women Live Longer Than Men

Everywhere in the world women live longer than men - but this was not always the case. The available data from rich countries shows that women didn't live longer than men in the 19th century. What's the main reason women have a longer life span than men? And how the advantage has grown over time? There isn't much evidence and we're only able to provide partial solutions. Although we know that there are behavioral, biological and environmental factors that play an integral role in the longevity of women over males, it isn't clear what percentage each factor ابر التخسيس - glorynote.com, plays in.

We have learned that women live longer than men, regardless of weight. But, this is not due to the fact that certain non-biological factors have changed. What are these factors that have changed? Some are well known and relatively straightforward, like the fact that men smoke more often. Others are more complex. For example, there is evidence that in rich countries the female advantage increased in part because infectious diseases used to affect women disproportionately a century ago, so advances in medicine that reduced the long-term health burden from infectious diseases, especially for survivors, ended up raising women's longevity disproportionately.

Everywhere in the world women tend to live longer than men
The first chart below shows life expectancy at birth for men and women. It is clear that every country is above the diagonal line of parity. This implies that a baby girl from every country could anticipate to live longer than her brothers.

This chart illustrates that, even though women enjoy an advantage throughout the world, the differences between countries could be significant. In Russia women have a longer life span than men, while in Bhutan the gap is just half one year.

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In countries with high incomes, the women's advantage in longevity was previously smaller.
Let's examine how the female longevity advantage has changed over time. The chart below illustrates the male and female life expectancies when they were born in the US in the years 1790 to 2014. Two points stand out.

The first is that there is an upward trend. Men and women in the US are living much, much longer than they did a century ago. This is in line with historical increases in life expectancy everywhere in the world.

There is an increase in the gap between men and women: female advantage in life expectancy used be very small but it increased substantially during the last century.

Using the option 'Change country' on the chart, you can determine if these two points apply to other countries with available information: Sweden, France and the UK.