Why Do Women Live Longer Than Men

Everywhere in the world women live longer than men - but this was not always the case. The available data from rich countries shows that women didn't live longer than men in the 19th century. Why do women live longer than men and how does this benefit increase over time? The evidence isn't conclusive and we're left with only incomplete solutions. While we are aware that there are behavioral, biological as well as environmental factors that all play a role in women living longer than males, it isn't clear the extent to which each factor plays a role.

In spite of how much amount, we can say that a large portion of the reason why women live so much longer than men in the present and not previously, has to be due to the fact that certain important non-biological aspects have changed. What are these new factors? Some are well known and relatively straightforward, like the fact that men smoke more often. Others are more complicated. For افضل كريم للشعر (glorynote.com) example, there is evidence that in rich countries the female advantage increased in part because infectious diseases used to affect women disproportionately a century ago, so advances in medicine that reduced the long-term health burden from infectious diseases, especially for survivors, ended up raising women's longevity disproportionately.

Everywhere in the world women tend to live longer than men
The first chart below shows life expectancy at birth for men and women. As you can see, every country is above the diagonal parity line - it means that in all nations baby girls can expect to live longer than a new boy.1

This chart shows that, although women have an advantage throughout the world, the differences between countries are often significant. In Russia women have an average of 10 years more than men, while in Bhutan the gap is less than half a year.

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In countries with high incomes, افضل كريم للشعر the advantage of women in longevity used to be smaller
Let's see how the female longevity advantage has changed over time. The chart below shows gender-based and female-specific life expectancy at the birth in the US during the period 1790 to 2014. Two aspects stand out.

The first is that there is an upward trend. Men and women in the United States live longer than they did 100 years ago. This is in line with historical increases in life expectancy everywhere in the world.

The gap is getting wider: Although the advantage of women in life expectancy used to be very small It has significantly increased over time.

You can check if the points you've listed are applicable to other countries that have data by selecting the "Change country" option on the chart. This includes the UK, France, and Sweden.