Why Do Women Live Longer Than Men

Everywhere in the world women live longer than men - but this was not always the case. The available data from rich countries shows that women didn't live longer than men in the 19th century. What is the reason women live longer than men, and ماذا يحدث بين الزوجين في الحمام بالصور why is this difference growing in the past? We only have a few clues and the evidence isn't sufficient to reach a definitive conclusion. We know that biological, behavioral and environmental factors contribute to the fact that women are healthier than men; however, we aren't sure how much the influence to each of these variables is.

We are aware that women live longer than males, regardless of weight. However this is not due to the fact that certain non-biological aspects have changed. These factors are changing. Some are well known and relatively straightforward, like the fact that men smoke more often. Others are more complex. For example, there is evidence that in rich countries the female advantage increased in part because infectious diseases used to affect women disproportionately a century ago, so advances in medicine that reduced the long-term health burden from infectious diseases, especially for survivors, ended up raising women's longevity disproportionately.

Everywhere in the world women tend to live longer than men
The first chart below shows life expectancy at birth for men and women. We can see that all countries are above the diagonal line of parity - this means in all countries the newborn girl is likely to live for longer than a new boy.1

This chart illustrates that, although there is a women's advantage everywhere, ماذا يحدث بين الزوجين في الحمام بالصور cross-country differences can be significant. In Russia women are 10 years older than men. In Bhutan the gap is just half a year.

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In countries with high incomes, the longevity advantage for women was not as great.
We will now examine how the female advantage in longevity has changed over time. The following chart shows the men and women's life expectancies at the time of birth in the US during the period 1790-2014. Two distinct features stand out.

First, there is an upward trend. Men and women in the United States live longer than they used to a century ago. This is in line with historical increases in life expectancy everywhere in the world.

The gap is widening: While the advantage of women in terms of life expectancy was very small, it has increased substantially with time.

You can confirm that these principles are also applicable to other countries that have data by clicking on the "Change country" option in the chart. This includes the UK, France, and Sweden.