Why Do Women Live Longer Than Men

Everywhere in the world women live longer than men - but this was not always the case. The available data from rich countries shows that women didn't live longer than men in the 19th century. Why do women live more than men do today, and why has this advantage increased in the past? We have only a small amount of evidence and the evidence is not sufficient to reach an unambiguous conclusion. While we are aware that there are biological, psychological and environmental variables which play a significant role in women who live longer than men, كيفية ممارسة العلاقة الزوجية فى الاسلام we do not know how much each factor contributes.

In spite of the amount of weight, we are aware that at least a portion of the reason women live so much longer than men in the present, but not previously, has to be due to the fact that several fundamental non-biological factors have changed. These factors are changing. Some are well known and relatively straightforward, like the fact that men smoke more often. Other are more complicated. For example, there is evidence that in rich countries the female advantage increased in part because infectious diseases used to affect women disproportionately a century ago, so advances in medicine that reduced the long-term health burden from infectious diseases, كيفية ممارسة العلاقة الزوجية فى الاسلام especially for survivors, ended up raising women's longevity disproportionately.

Everywhere in the world women tend to live longer than men
The first chart below shows life expectancy at birth for men and women. We can see that every country is above the diagonal parity line ; it means that in all nations baby girls can expect to live longer than a newborn boy.1

The chart below shows that although women have an advantage throughout the world, the differences between countries could be significant. In Russia women are 10 years older than men, while in Bhutan the difference is just half each year.

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The advantage for women in terms of life expectancy was lower in countries with higher incomes than it is now.
Let's examine how the female longevity advantage has changed in the course of time. The next chart plots male and female life expectancy when they were born in the US between 1790 and 2014. Two aspects stand out.

There is an upward trend. Women and men living in America are living longer than they did a century ago. This is in line with historical increases in life expectancy everywhere in the world.

The second is that there is an ever-widening gap: female advantage in life expectancy used to be very modest however, it has increased significantly over the course of the last century.

It is possible to verify that the points you've listed are applicable to other countries that have data by clicking the "Change country" option in the chart. This includes the UK, France, and Sweden.