Why Do Women Live Longer Than Men

Everywhere in the world women live longer than men - but this was not always the case. The available data from rich countries shows that women didn't live longer than men in the 19th century. Why do women live much longer than men today, and why does this benefit increase in the past? The evidence is limited and ابر التخسيس we only have limited solutions. We know there are behavioral, biological and environmental variables which play a significant role in women living longer than males, we aren't sure what percentage each factor plays in.

In spite of how much amount of weight, we are aware that at a minimum, the reason women live so much longer than men in the present however not as in the past, has to do with the fact that a number of significant non-biological elements have changed. These are the factors that are changing. Some are well known and relatively straightforward, like the fact that men smoke more often. Some are more complex. For example, there is evidence that in rich countries the female advantage increased in part because infectious diseases used to affect women disproportionately a century ago, so advances in medicine that reduced the long-term health burden from infectious diseases, especially for survivors, ended up raising women's longevity disproportionately.

Everywhere in the world women tend to live longer than men
The first chart below shows life expectancy at birth for men and women. As you can see, every country is above the diagonal line of parity - this means that in all countries a newborn girl can expect to live longer than a new boy.1

This chart illustrates that, although there is a women's advantage everywhere, cross-country differences could be significant. In Russia, women live 10 years longer than males. In Bhutan the gap is just half a year.

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The advantage of women in terms of life expectancy was lower in developed countries that it is today.
Let's now look at how the female advantage in longevity has changed with time. The chart below illustrates the men and women's life expectancies when they were born in the US during the period 1790 to 2014. Two aspects stand out.

First, there's an upward trend. Both men as well as women in the US live much, much longer than they did a century ago. This is in line with historical increases in life expectancy everywhere in the world.

Second, the gap is increasing: While the advantage of women in life expectancy used to be extremely small, it has increased substantially in the past.

By selecting 'Change Country from the chart, you can determine if these two points apply to other countries with available information: Sweden, France and the UK.