Why Do Women Live Longer Than Men

Everywhere in the world women live longer than men - but this was not always the case. The available data from rich countries shows that women didn't live longer than men in the 19th century. What's the main reason women have a longer life span than men? Why is this difference growing as time passes? We have only a small amount of evidence and the evidence is not sufficient to reach an absolute conclusion. We know there are biological, psychological and environmental factors that play an integral role in women who live longer than men, we do not know the extent to which each factor plays a role.

Independently of the exact weight, we know that at least part of the reason why women live so much longer than men however not as in the past, has to do with the fact that some important non-biological aspects have changed. These factors are changing. Some are well known and relatively straightforward, like the fact that men smoke more often. There are others that are more intricate. For ابر التخسيس example, there is evidence that in rich countries the female advantage increased in part because infectious diseases used to affect women disproportionately a century ago, so advances in medicine that reduced the long-term health burden from infectious diseases, especially for survivors, ended up raising women's longevity disproportionately.

Everywhere in the world women tend to live longer than men
The first chart below shows life expectancy at birth for ابر التخسيس men and women. As you can see, all countries are above the diagonal parity line , this means in all countries the newborn girl is likely to live longer than a newborn boy.1

This graph shows that while there is a female advantage throughout the world, the differences between countries could be significant. In Russia women have a longer life span than men, while in Bhutan the difference is just half an hour.

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The female advantage in life expectancy was less in developed countries than it is today.
We will now examine how the gender advantage in life expectancy has changed over time. The chart below shows male and female life expectancies at birth in the US in the years 1790 until 2014. Two points stand out.

The first is that there is an upward trend. Women and men in America have longer lives than they did 100 years ago. This is in line with historical increases in life expectancy everywhere in the world.

The gap is increasing: While the female advantage in life expectancy was quite small, it has increased substantially in the past.

You can confirm that these are applicable to other countries that have data by clicking on the "Change country" option in the chart. This includes the UK, France, and Sweden.