Why Do Women Live Longer Than Men

Everywhere in the world women live longer than men - but this was not always the case. The available data from rich countries shows that women didn't live longer than men in the 19th century. What's the reason why women have a longer life span than men? And why the advantage has grown over time? We only have partial evidence and the evidence isn't sufficient to support a definitive conclusion. We know there are biological, psychological and environmental variables which play a significant role in women who live longer than males, we aren't sure what percentage each factor plays in.

In spite of how much number of pounds, we know that at least a portion of the reason women live longer than men in the present however not as in the past, has to do with the fact that some important non-biological aspects have changed. The factors changing are numerous. Some are well known and relatively straightforward, like the fact that men smoke more often. There are others that are more intricate. For example, there is evidence that in rich countries the female advantage increased in part because infectious diseases used to affect women disproportionately a century ago, so advances in medicine that reduced the long-term health burden from infectious diseases, especially for survivors, ended up raising women's longevity disproportionately.

Everywhere in the world women tend to live longer than men
The first chart below shows life expectancy at birth for men and اضيق وضعية للجماع women. As we can see, every country is above the diagonal parity line ; it means that in all nations the newborn girl is likely to live for longer than a new boy.1

The chart below shows that although there is a women's advantage in all countries, the differences across countries could be significant. In Russia women live 10 years longer than males. In Bhutan the difference is less that half a year.

__S.17__
__S.19__
In wealthy countries, the advantage of women in longevity was previously smaller.
Let's now look at the way that female advantages in longevity has changed over time. The next chart plots the male and female lifespans at birth in the US during the time period between 1790 and 2014. Two things stand out.

First, there is an upward trend. Men and women in America have longer lives than they were 100 years ago. This is in line with historical increases in life expectancy everywhere in the world.

Second, اضيق وضعية للجماع the gap is widening: While the female advantage in life expectancy used to be very small however, it has grown significantly in the past.

It is possible to verify that these points are also applicable to other countries that have information by clicking on the "Change country" option in the chart. This includes the UK, France, and Sweden.