Why Do Women Live Longer Than Men

Everywhere in the world women live longer than men - but this was not always the case. The available data from rich countries shows that women didn't live longer than men in the 19th century. What is the reason women live longer than men in the present and how is this difference growing over time? The evidence isn't conclusive and we only have some solutions. While we are aware that there are behavioral, biological, and environmental factors that play an integral role in women living longer than men, we don't know how much each factor contributes.

In spite of the amount of weight, we are aware that a large portion of the reason why women live so much longer than men however not as in the past, is to relate to the fact that several fundamental non-biological factors have changed. These are the factors that are changing. Some are well known and relatively straightforward, like the fact that men smoke more often. Some are more complex. For example, there is evidence that in rich countries the female advantage increased in part because infectious diseases used to affect women disproportionately a century ago, so advances in medicine that reduced the long-term health burden from infectious diseases, especially for survivors, ended up raising women's longevity disproportionately.

Everywhere in the world women tend to live longer than men
The first chart below shows life expectancy at birth for men and افضل شامبو وبلسم women. We can see that every country is above the diagonal parity line - which means that in every country a newborn girl can expect to live longer than a newborn boy.1

Interestingly, this chart shows that the advantage of women exists in all countries, country-specific differences are huge. In Russia women have a longer life span than men. In Bhutan the difference is less than half each year.

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In countries with high incomes, the advantage of women in longevity was smaller
Let's take a look at how the female longevity advantage has changed over time. The next chart shows male and female life expectancies at birth in the US from 1790 to 2014. Two aspects stand out.

The first is that there is an upward trend. Women and men in the United States live longer than they did a century ago. This is in line with historical increases in life expectancy everywhere in the world.

The gap is increasing: While the advantage of women in life expectancy used to be very small however, it has grown significantly with time.

When you click on the option "Change country from the chart, confirm that the two points apply to other countries that have available information: Sweden, France and the UK.