Why Do Women Live Longer Than Men

Everywhere in the world women live longer than men - but this was not always the case. The available data from rich countries shows that women didn't live longer than men in the 19th century. What's the main reason women have a longer life span than men? Why has this advantage gotten larger over time? There is only limited evidence and افضل كريم للشعر the evidence is not strong enough to make an unambiguous conclusion. We know that biological, behavioral and environmental factors all play a role in the fact that women have longer lives than men, However, we're not sure how strong the relative contribution of each of these factors is.

In spite of how much weight, we know that at least part of the reason women live so much longer than men however not as in the past, is to be due to the fact that several significant non-biological elements have changed. The factors changing are numerous. Some are well known and relatively straightforward, like the fact that men smoke more often. Some are more complex. For example, there is evidence that in rich countries the female advantage increased in part because infectious diseases used to affect women disproportionately a century ago, so advances in medicine that reduced the long-term health burden from infectious diseases, especially for survivors, ended up raising women's longevity disproportionately.

Everywhere in the world women tend to live longer than men
The first chart below shows life expectancy at birth for men and women. As you can see, افضل كريم للشعر every country is above the diagonal parity line , this means that in all countries a newborn girl can expect to live longer than a new boy.1

Interestingly, this chart shows that although the female advantage is present everywhere, difference between countries is huge. In Russia women have an average of 10 years more than men. In Bhutan the gap is just half an hour.

__S.17__
__S.19__
The female advantage in life expectancy was less in developed countries as compared to the present.
Let's see how the female longevity advantage has changed over time. The next chart shows the male and female lifespans when they were born in the US over the period 1790-2014. Two aspects stand out.

There is an upward trend. as well as women in the US are living much, much longer today than a century ago. This is in line with historical increases in life expectancy everywhere in the world.

Second, there's an increase in the gap between men and women: female advantage in terms of life expectancy used be very small however, it has increased significantly in the past century.

Using the option 'Change country' on the chart, you can check that these two points are applicable to the other countries having available information: Sweden, France and the UK.