Why Do Women Live Longer Than Men

Everywhere in the world women live longer than men - but this was not always the case. The available data from rich countries shows that women didn't live longer than men in the 19th century. What's the reason women have a longer life span than men? And why does this benefit increase as time passes? There isn't much evidence and we're left with only some solutions. Although we know that there are biological, ابر التخسيس; read this blog post from glorynote.com, psychological as well as environmental factors which all play a part in women living longer than males, we aren't sure the extent to which each factor plays a role.

We know that women are living longer than men, regardless of their weight. However, ابر التخسيس this is not because of certain non-biological factors have changed. What are these factors that have changed? Some are well known and relatively straightforward, like the fact that men smoke more often. Some are more complex. For example, there is evidence that in rich countries the female advantage increased in part because infectious diseases used to affect women disproportionately a century ago, so advances in medicine that reduced the long-term health burden from infectious diseases, especially for survivors, ended up raising women's longevity disproportionately.

Everywhere in the world women tend to live longer than men
The first chart below shows life expectancy at birth for men and women. We can see that all countries are above the diagonal parity line - which means that in every country that a baby girl can be expected to live longer than a new boy.1

The chart above shows that although the female advantage exists everywhere, the difference between countries is huge. In Russia women live 10 years longer than males; while in Bhutan the gap is less than half each year.

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The advantage women had in terms of life expectancy was lower in developed countries than it is now.
Let's look at how female longevity advantage has changed over time. The chart below illustrates the gender-based and female-specific life expectancy at birth in the US during the period 1790 to 2014. Two aspects stand out.

There is an upward trend. Men and women in the United States live longer than they did a century ago. This is in line with historical increases in life expectancy everywhere in the world.

Second, the gap is growing: Although the advantage of women in life expectancy was once extremely small, it has increased substantially over time.

If you select the option "Change country by country' in the chart, confirm that the two points are also applicable to other countries with available information: Sweden, France and the UK.