Why Do Women Live Longer Than Men

Everywhere in the world women live longer than men - but this was not always the case. The available data from rich countries shows that women didn't live longer than men in the 19th century. What is the reason women are more likely to live longer than men? What is the reason the advantage has grown over time? There is only limited evidence and the evidence is not sufficient to reach an informed conclusion. We know there are behavioral, biological as well as environmental factors that all play a role in women who live longer than males, it isn't clear how much each one contributes.

In spite of the precise amount of weight, we are aware that at least a portion of the reason women live longer than men do today, but not in the past, is to have to do with the fact that several key non-biological factors have changed. These are the factors that are changing. Some are well known and relatively straightforward, like the fact that men smoke more often. There are other issues that are more intricate. For علامات الحمل بولد example, there is evidence that in rich countries the female advantage increased in part because infectious diseases used to affect women disproportionately a century ago, so advances in medicine that reduced the long-term health burden from infectious diseases, especially for survivors, ended up raising women's longevity disproportionately.

Everywhere in the world women tend to live longer than men
The first chart below shows life expectancy at birth for men and women. We can see that every country is above the line of parity diagonally. This means that a newborn girl in every country can be expected to live for longer than her brothers.

It is interesting to note that, while the advantage for women exists in all countries, global differences are significant. In Russia, women live 10 years more than men. In Bhutan there is a difference of less than half a calendar year.

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The advantage of women in life expectancy was much lower in developed countries than it is today.
Let's take a look at how the female longevity advantage has changed over time. The following chart shows the male and female lifespans at birth in the US during the time period between 1790 and علامات الحمل بولد 2014. Two points stand out.

First, there's an upward trend. Both men and women in the US are living much, much longer than they did 100 years ago. This is in line with historical increases in life expectancy everywhere in the world.

There is an increasing gap: The female advantage in life expectancy used be very modest but it increased substantially in the past century.

It is possible to verify that these principles are also applicable to other countries that have data by clicking the "Change country" option on the chart. This includes the UK, France, and Sweden.