Why Do Women Live Longer Than Men

Everywhere in the world women live longer than men - but this was not always the case. The available data from rich countries shows that women didn't live longer than men in the 19th century. What is the reason women live longer than men in the present and why is this difference growing in the past? There is only limited evidence and the evidence isn't sufficient to reach an unambiguous conclusion. While we are aware that there are biological, psychological, and environmental factors that all play a role in the longevity of women over men, we don't know what percentage each factor plays in.

It is known that women live longer than males, regardless of weight. But this isn't because of certain biological factors have changed. These factors are changing. Some are well known and relatively straightforward, like the fact that men smoke more often. Some are more complex. For example, there is evidence that in rich countries the female advantage increased in part because infectious diseases used to affect women disproportionately a century ago, so advances in medicine that reduced the long-term health burden from infectious diseases, كيفية ممارسة العلاقة الزوجية فى الاسلام especially for survivors, ended up raising women's longevity disproportionately.

Everywhere in the world women tend to live longer than men
The first chart below shows life expectancy at birth for men and women. It is clear that all countries are over the diagonal line of parity. This means that a newborn girl from every country could anticipate to live longer than her brothers.

The chart above shows that while the female advantage is present everywhere, global differences are significant. In Russia women have an average of 10 years more than men; in Bhutan the difference is just half one year.

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In rich countries the women's advantage in longevity was not as great.
Let's examine how the female longevity advantage has changed over time. The next chart shows male and female life expectancy when they were born in the US during the time period between 1790 and 2014. Two distinct points stand out.

The first is that there is an upward trend. Men and women living in America are living longer than they were a century ago. This is in line with historical increases in life expectancy everywhere in the world.

The gap is growing: Although the advantage of women in life expectancy used to be very small It has significantly increased with time.

It is possible to verify that the points you've listed are applicable to other countries that have information by clicking on the "Change country" option in the chart. This includes the UK, France, and Sweden.