Why Do Women Live Longer Than Men

Everywhere in the world women live longer than men - but this was not always the case. The available data from rich countries shows that women didn't live longer than men in the 19th century. What is the reason women are more likely to live longer than men? Why the advantage has grown as time passes? The evidence is limited and we have only partial solutions. We know there are biological, behavioral, and ماذا يحدث بين الزوجين في الحمام بالصور environmental factors that all play a role in women's longevity more than men, we don't know the extent to which each factor plays a role.

We know that women are living longer than men, regardless of weight. But it is not because of certain biological factors have changed. What are these new factors? Some are well known and relatively straightforward, like the fact that men smoke more often. Other are more complicated. For example, there is evidence that in rich countries the female advantage increased in part because infectious diseases used to affect women disproportionately a century ago, so advances in medicine that reduced the long-term health burden from infectious diseases, especially for survivors, ended up raising women's longevity disproportionately.

Everywhere in the world women tend to live longer than men
The first chart below shows life expectancy at birth for men and women. It is clear that all countries are over the diagonal line of parity. This implies that a baby girl from any country can be expected to live for longer than her older brother.

This chart illustrates that, although women have an advantage everywhere, cross-country differences can be significant. In Russia women live 10 years longer than men. In Bhutan the gap is just half a year.

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The advantage of women in life expectancy was much lower in rich countries as compared to the present.
Let's see how the female longevity advantage has changed in the course of time. The next chart plots male and female life expectancies when they were born in the US during the time period between 1790 and 2014. Two points stand out.

First, there is an upward trend. Women and men in the United States live longer than they were a century ago. This is in line with historical increases in life expectancy everywhere in the world.

Second, the gap is increasing: While the advantage of women in terms of life expectancy was extremely small however, ماذا يحدث بين الزوجين في الحمام بالصور it has grown significantly over time.

You can check if these points are also applicable to other countries with data by clicking the "Change country" option in the chart. This includes the UK, France, and Sweden.