Why Women Live Longer Than Men

Everywhere in the world women live longer than men - but this was not always the case. The available data from rich countries shows that women didn't live longer than men in the 19th century. What is the reason women live more than men do today and why have these advantages gotten bigger in the past? We have only a small amount of evidence and the evidence isn't sufficient to support an absolute conclusion. We know that biological, behavioral and environmental factors all play a role in the fact that women have longer life spans than men, however, we do not know how much the influence of each one of these factors is.

We know that women are living longer than males, ماذا يحدث بين الزوجين في الحمام بالصور regardless of weight. However, this is not because of certain biological or non-biological factors have changed. What are these factors that have changed? Some are well known and relatively straightforward, like the fact that men smoke more often. Some are more complex. For example, there is evidence that in rich countries the female advantage increased in part because infectious diseases used to affect women disproportionately a century ago, so advances in medicine that reduced the long-term health burden from infectious diseases, especially for survivors, ماذا يحدث بين الزوجين في الحمام بالصور ended up raising women's longevity disproportionately.

Everywhere in the world women tend to live longer than men
The first chart below shows life expectancy at birth for men and women. As you can see, every country is above the diagonal parity line , this means that in all countries a newborn girl can expect to live for longer than a newborn boy.1

This chart is interesting in that it shows that the advantage of women is present everywhere, cross-country differences are large. In Russia women live 10 years longer than males. In Bhutan the gap is just half a year.

__S.17__
__S.19__
The female advantage in life expectancy was smaller in the richer countries than it is today.
Let's now look at how the female advantage in life expectancy has changed over time. The chart below illustrates the men and women's life expectancies at the time of birth in the US during the period 1790 to 2014. Two things stand out.

The first is that there is an upward trend. Both genders in the United States live longer than they did 100 years ago. This is in line with historical increases in life expectancy everywhere in the world.

And second, there is an increasing gap: The female advantage in terms of life expectancy used to be very modest, but it grew substantially in the past century.

Using the option 'Change country in the chart, you are able to confirm that the two points are applicable to the other countries having available information: Sweden, France and the UK.