Cerebral Venous Thrombosis - Core EM

CVT is a rare illness that often presents with headache only or non-specific related signs. Consider the prognosis in patients with indolent, severe complications, these with exogenous hormone use (or pregnancy) or established thrombophilic states.
Patients with lethargy, coma, and status epilepticus ought to prompt consideration for remedy of brain herniation.
NCHCT is a reasonable first-line check however can not rule out the disease. MRI/MRV is the current gold standard with CT Venogram as a backup modality if MR isn't accessible.
Professional consensus recommends initial anticoagulation with heparin (UFH or LMWH) in most patients even in the presence of hemorrhagic conversion.

Some patients receive medicine or fluids via catheters placed into veins. Catheters can stimulate thrombus formation in the vein near and Περιεδρικό Απόστημα Λαμία across the catheter, known as a catheter-associated DVT. Because the catheters are normally located in an arm or within the chest, such a thrombus can lead to arm or neck swelling, with or without ache.

Endoscopically placed topical formalin has additionally been proven to be a highly effective treatment for radiation proctopathy. Mathai and colleagues reported that 17 of 29 patients had complete cessation of bleeding after 1 remedy and 5 more had complete cessation after a second remedy. The one complication was a worsening of a radiation-induced stricture . The disadvantages of formalin embody a relatively excessive incidence of posttreatment anal pain in some series and the necessity for spinal or common anesthesia.