Why Women Are More Likely To Live Longer Than Men

Everywhere in the world women live longer than men - but this was not always the case. The available data from rich countries shows that women didn't live longer than men in the 19th century. What's the reason why women are more likely to live longer than men? Why does this benefit increase over time? The evidence is sketchy and we have only some solutions. While we are aware that there are biological, behavioral, زيوت تطويل الشعر and environmental factors that play an integral role in women who live longer than males, it isn't clear the extent to which each factor plays a role.

In spite of the precise number of pounds, we know that at least a portion of the reason why women live longer than men today, but not previously, has to do with the fact that certain key non-biological factors have changed. These variables are evolving. Some are well known and relatively straightforward, like the fact that men smoke more often. There are others that are more intricate. For example, there is evidence that in rich countries the female advantage increased in part because infectious diseases used to affect women disproportionately a century ago, زيوت تطويل الشعر so advances in medicine that reduced the long-term health burden from infectious diseases, especially for survivors, ended up raising women's longevity disproportionately.

Everywhere in the world women tend to live longer than men
The first chart below shows life expectancy at birth for men and women. As you can see, all countries are above the diagonal line of parity - which means that in every country the newborn girl is likely to live longer than a new boy.1

Interestingly, this chart shows that the advantage of women is present everywhere, global differences are significant. In Russia women are 10 years older than males; while in Bhutan the difference is less than half a year.

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The female advantage in terms of life expectancy was lower in countries with higher incomes than it is today.
Let's examine how the advantage of women in longevity has changed over time. The chart below shows gender-based and female-specific life expectancy when they were born in the US from 1790 to 2014. Two areas stand out.

There is an upward trend. Both genders in the United States live longer than they used to 100 years ago. This is in line with historical increases in life expectancy everywhere in the world.

There is a widening gap: The female advantage in life expectancy used to be quite small however, it has increased significantly during the last century.

By selecting 'Change Country' on the chart, you can check that these two points are applicable to the other countries having available data: Sweden, France and the UK.