Why Women Are More Likely To Live Longer Than Men

Everywhere in the world women live longer than men - but this was not always the case. The available data from rich countries shows that women didn't live longer than men in the 19th century. What's the reason why women live longer than men? And why the advantage has grown as time passes? The evidence is sketchy and we're only able to provide incomplete answers. While we are aware that there are behavioral, biological as well as environmental factors which play a significant role in women living longer than men, we do not know the extent to which each factor plays a role.

We have learned that women are living longer than males, regardless of weight. However this is not due to the fact that certain biological factors have changed. The factors changing are numerous. Some are well known and relatively straightforward, like the fact that men smoke more often. Other are more complicated. For example, there is evidence that in rich countries the female advantage increased in part because infectious diseases used to affect women disproportionately a century ago, so advances in medicine that reduced the long-term health burden from infectious diseases, especially for survivors, تحاميل مهبلية [i was reading this] ended up raising women's longevity disproportionately.

Everywhere in the world women tend to live longer than men
The first chart below shows life expectancy at birth for men and women. As we can see, every country is above the diagonal line of parity - it means that in all nations a newborn girl can expect to live for longer than a newborn boy.1

This chart illustrates that, while there is a female advantage in all countries, the differences across countries are often significant. In Russia women live 10 years more than males. In Bhutan the difference is less than half a calendar year.

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In rich countries the female advantage in longevity used to be smaller
Let's take a look at how the female longevity advantage has changed in the course of time. The following chart shows the male and تحاميل مهبلية female lifespans when they were born in the US from 1790 to 2014. Two distinct features stand out.

There is an upward trend. Women and men in America have longer lives than they were a century ago. This is in line with historical increases in life expectancy everywhere in the world.

The second is that there is an ever-widening gap: female advantage in life expectancy used to be extremely small, but it grew substantially during the last century.

You can verify that these principles are also applicable to other countries that have information by clicking on the "Change country" option on the chart. This includes the UK, France, and Sweden.