Why Women Are More Likely To Live Longer Than Men

Everywhere in the world women live longer than men - but this was not always the case. The available data from rich countries shows that women didn't live longer than men in the 19th century. What makes women live longer than men in the present and how does this benefit increase in the past? The evidence isn't conclusive and we're left with only incomplete answers. We know that behavioral, biological and environmental factors play a role in the fact that women live longer than men; but we don't know exactly how significant the impact of each of these factors is.

Independently of the exact amount of weight, we are aware that at a minimum, the reason women live longer than men in the present and not previously, has to be due to the fact that certain significant non-biological elements have changed. What are these new factors? Some are well known and relatively straightforward, like the fact that men smoke more often. There are others that are more intricate. For example, there is evidence that in rich countries the female advantage increased in part because infectious diseases used to affect women disproportionately a century ago, ماذا يحدث بين الزوجين في الحمام بالصور so advances in medicine that reduced the long-term health burden from infectious diseases, especially for survivors, ended up raising women's longevity disproportionately.

Everywhere in the world women tend to live longer than men
The first chart below shows life expectancy at birth for men and women. We can see that all countries are above the diagonal line of parity. This implies that a baby girl from any country can expect to live longer than her older brother.

This chart is interesting in that it shows that the advantage of women exists everywhere, the global differences are significant. In Russia women live 10 years longer than males. In Bhutan the difference is less that half a year.

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In countries with high incomes, the female advantage in longevity used to be smaller
Let's examine how the female longevity advantage has changed in the course of time. The following chart shows the life expectancy of males and females when they were born in the US during the time period between 1790 and ماذا يحدث بين الزوجين في الحمام بالصور 2014. Two specific points stand out.

First, there is an upward trend: Men as well as women in the US have a much longer life span longer than they did 100 years ago. This is in line with historical increases in life expectancy everywhere in the world.

The gap is widening: While the female advantage in life expectancy used to be tiny but it has risen significantly with time.

When you click on the option "Change country from the chart, you are able to determine if these two points also apply to the other countries with available data: Sweden, France and the UK.