Why Are Women Living Longer Than Men

Everywhere in the world women live longer than men - but this was not always the case. The available data from rich countries shows that women didn't live longer than men in the 19th century. What is the reason women live longer than men? What is the reason does this benefit increase as time passes? There isn't much evidence and we're left with only some solutions. We know that behavioral, biological and environmental factors all play a role in the fact that women have longer life spans than men, however, we do not know how much the influence to each of these variables is.

In spite of how much amount of weight, we are aware that at least a portion of the reason women live so much longer than men in the present, but not previously, has to have to do with the fact that several significant non-biological elements have changed. These are the factors that are changing. Some are well known and اوضاع الجماع relatively straightforward, like the fact that men smoke more often. Certain are more complicated. For example, there is evidence that in rich countries the female advantage increased in part because infectious diseases used to affect women disproportionately a century ago, so advances in medicine that reduced the long-term health burden from infectious diseases, especially for اوضاع الجماع survivors, ended up raising women's longevity disproportionately.

Everywhere in the world women tend to live longer than men
The first chart below shows life expectancy at birth for men and women. We can see that every country is above the diagonal parity line ; which means that in every country the newborn girl is likely to live for longer than a newborn boy.1

It is interesting to note that, while the advantage for women exists across all countries, the country-specific differences are huge. In Russia women live 10 years longer than males; while in Bhutan the gap is just half one year.

__S.17__
__S.19__
In countries with high incomes, the women's advantage in longevity used to be smaller
We will now examine how the gender advantage in longevity has changed over time. The following chart shows male and female life expectancy at birth in the US between 1790 and 2014. Two aspects stand out.

First, there is an upward trend: Men and women in the US live much, much longer than they did 100 years ago. This is in line with historical increases in life expectancy everywhere in the world.

The gap is increasing: While the advantage of women in life expectancy used to be quite small but it has risen significantly with time.

When you click on the option "Change country from the chart, determine if these two points are also applicable to other countries with available information: Sweden, France and the UK.