Why Women Are More Likely To Live Longer Than Men

Everywhere in the world women live longer than men - but this was not always the case. The available data from rich countries shows that women didn't live longer than men in the 19th century. What's the reason women are more likely to live longer than men? And اوضاع الجماع why does this benefit increase in the past? There is only limited evidence and the evidence isn't strong enough to make an unambiguous conclusion. Although we know that there are biological, behavioral, and environmental factors which play a significant role in women's longevity more than men, we don't know how much each factor contributes.

In spite of how much amount of weight, we are aware that at least part of the reason women live so much longer than men in the present however not as in the past, is to have to do with the fact that some fundamental non-biological factors have changed. What are these changing factors? Some are well known and relatively straightforward, like the fact that men smoke more often. Some are more complex. For example, there is evidence that in rich countries the female advantage increased in part because infectious diseases used to affect women disproportionately a century ago, so advances in medicine that reduced the long-term health burden from infectious diseases, especially for survivors, ended up raising women's longevity disproportionately.

Everywhere in the world women tend to live longer than men
The first chart below shows life expectancy at birth for men and women. We can see that all countries are above the diagonal parity line , this means in all countries that a baby girl can be expected to live for longer than a new boy.1

This chart shows that, although there is a women's advantage everywhere, cross-country differences can be significant. In Russia, women live for 10 years longer than males. In Bhutan the gap is just half a year.

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The advantage for women in life expectancy was less in countries with higher incomes as compared to the present.
Let's see how the female longevity advantage has changed over time. The next chart plots the male and female lifespans when they were born in the US between 1790 and 2014. Two things stand out.

There is an upward trend. Men as well as women in the US live much, much longer than they did a century ago. This is in line with historical increases in life expectancy everywhere in the world.

Second, the gap is getting wider: Although the advantage of women in life expectancy was quite small but it has risen significantly with time.

You can confirm that these are applicable to other countries that have data by clicking on the "Change country" option on the chart. This includes the UK, France, and Sweden.