Why Are Women Living Longer Than Men

Everywhere in the world women live longer than men - but this was not always the case. The available data from rich countries shows that women didn't live longer than men in the 19th century. What's the reason women have a longer life span than men? And why is this difference growing over time? The evidence is sketchy and we have only incomplete solutions. While we are aware that there are behavioral, تحاميل مهبلية biological and environmental factors which all play a part in women who live longer than men, we do not know how much each factor contributes.

We are aware that women are living longer than men, regardless of weight. But, this is not because of certain non-biological aspects have changed. What are the factors that are changing? Some are well known and relatively straightforward, like the fact that men smoke more often. There are other issues that are more intricate. For example, there is evidence that in rich countries the female advantage increased in part because infectious diseases used to affect women disproportionately a century ago, so advances in medicine that reduced the long-term health burden from infectious diseases, especially for survivors, ended up raising women's longevity disproportionately.

Everywhere in the world women tend to live longer than men
The first chart below shows life expectancy at birth for men and women. As you can see, تحاميل مهبلية every country is above the diagonal parity line ; this means that in all countries baby girls can expect to live longer than a new boy.1

This chart illustrates that, even though women enjoy an advantage throughout the world, the differences between countries can be significant. In Russia women live 10 years longer than men, while in Bhutan the difference is less than half each year.

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The advantage for women in life expectancy was less in countries with higher incomes that it is today.
Let's see how the female longevity advantage has changed in the course of time. The following chart shows the life expectancy of males and females when they were born in the US from 1790 to 2014. Two areas stand out.

There is an upward trend. Both genders living in America are living longer than they were a century ago. This is in line with historical increases in life expectancy everywhere in the world.

The gap is widening: While the advantage of women in life expectancy was once very small but it has risen significantly in the past.

You can confirm that these are applicable to other countries that have data by clicking the "Change country" option in the chart. This includes the UK, France, and Sweden.