Why Are Women Living Longer Than Men

Everywhere in the world women live longer than men - but this was not always the case. The available data from rich countries shows that women didn't live longer than men in the 19th century. Why do women live much longer than men today, and why have these advantages gotten bigger over time? We only have partial evidence and the evidence isn't sufficient to draw an informed conclusion. We are aware that behavioral, biological and environmental factors play a role in the fact that women have longer life spans than men, However, we're not sure what the contribution of each of these factors is.

In spite of the precise amount of weight, we are aware that at least part of the reason why women live longer than men in the present and not previously, has to do with the fact that some important non-biological aspects have changed. What are these changing factors? Some are well known and كيفية ممارسة العلاقة الزوجية فى الاسلام relatively straightforward, like the fact that men smoke more often. Certain are more complicated. For example, there is evidence that in rich countries the female advantage increased in part because infectious diseases used to affect women disproportionately a century ago, so advances in medicine that reduced the long-term health burden from infectious diseases, especially for survivors, ended up raising women's longevity disproportionately.

Everywhere in the world women tend to live longer than men
The first chart below shows life expectancy at birth for men and كيفية ممارسة العلاقة الزوجية فى الاسلام women. We can see that every country is above the diagonal line of parity - it means that in all nations baby girls can expect to live longer than a newborn boy.1

The chart below shows that although women have an advantage everywhere, cross-country differences are often significant. In Russia women have a longer life span than men, while in Bhutan the gap is less than half an hour.

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In the richer countries, the female advantage in longevity was previously smaller.
Let's examine how the female longevity advantage has changed in the course of time. The following chart shows the gender-based and female-specific life expectancy at the birth in the US in the years 1790-2014. Two distinct points stand out.

First, there's an upward trend: Men as well as women in the US are living much, much longer today than a century ago. This is in line with historical increases in life expectancy everywhere in the world.

Second, the gap is getting wider: Although the female advantage in life expectancy was quite small, it has increased substantially in the past.

Using the option 'Change country' on the chart, you can check that these two points are also applicable to the other countries having available information: Sweden, France and the UK.