Why Are Women Living Longer Than Men

Everywhere in the world women live longer than men - but this was not always the case. The available data from rich countries shows that women didn't live longer than men in the 19th century. What is the reason women live longer than men? What is the reason does this benefit increase over time? We have only a small amount of evidence and the evidence is not sufficient to draw an informed conclusion. While we are aware that there are biological, psychological and environmental variables which all play a part in women who live longer than males, it isn't clear the extent to which each factor plays a role.

In spite of how much weight, we know that at a minimum, the reason women live so much longer than men in the present however not as in the past, is to be due to the fact that a number of key non-biological factors have changed. What are these new factors? Some are well known and relatively straightforward, like the fact that men smoke more often. Some are more complex. For example, there is evidence that in rich countries the female advantage increased in part because infectious diseases used to affect women disproportionately a century ago, so advances in medicine that reduced the long-term health burden from infectious diseases, especially for survivors, تحاميل مهبلية ended up raising women's longevity disproportionately.

Everywhere in the world women tend to live longer than men
The first chart below shows life expectancy at birth for men and women. We can see that all countries are over the diagonal line of parity. This implies that a baby girl from every country could expect to live longer than her brother.

The chart above shows that although the female advantage exists in all countries, difference between countries is huge. In Russia women live 10 years more than males. In Bhutan the gap is just half a year.

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The advantage for تحاميل مهبلية women in life expectancy was less in rich countries that it is today.
Let's see how the female longevity advantage has changed over time. The following chart shows the gender-based and female-specific life expectancy at birth in the US between 1790-2014. Two areas stand out.

The first is that there is an upward trend. Both men and women in the US live much, much longer today than a century ago. This is in line with historical increases in life expectancy everywhere in the world.

The second is that there is an increase in the gap between men and women: female advantage in terms of life expectancy used to be very small however, it has increased significantly in the past century.

By selecting 'Change Country in the chart, you will be able to check that these two points are also applicable to the other countries having available data: Sweden, France and the UK.