Why Are Women Living Longer Than Men

Everywhere in the world women live longer than men - but this was not always the case. The available data from rich countries shows that women didn't live longer than men in the 19th century. What makes women live much longer than men today and why has this advantage increased over time? The evidence is limited and we're left with only some solutions. We recognize that biological, behavioral and environmental factors play a role in the fact that women have longer lives than men, but we don't know exactly what the contribution of each factor is.

We are aware that women are living longer than men, regardless of their weight. But it is not because of certain non-biological factors have changed. What are these factors that have changed? Some are well known and relatively straightforward, like the fact that men smoke more often. There are others that are more intricate. For example, تحاميل مهبلية there is evidence that in rich countries the female advantage increased in part because infectious diseases used to affect women disproportionately a century ago, so advances in medicine that reduced the long-term health burden from infectious diseases, especially for survivors, ended up raising women's longevity disproportionately.

Everywhere in the world women tend to live longer than men
The first chart below shows life expectancy at birth for men and women. We can see that every country is above the diagonal line of parity. This implies that a baby girl from any country can be expected to live for longer than her brother.

This graph shows that although there is a women's advantage in all countries, the differences across countries can be significant. In Russia, women live for 10 years longer than males. In Bhutan there is a difference of only half a year.

__S.17__
__S.19__
In countries with high incomes, the women's advantage in longevity was not as great.
We will now examine how the gender advantage in terms of longevity has changed over time. The chart below illustrates the men and women's life expectancies at birth in the US during the period 1790 until 2014. Two things stand out.

First, there's an upward trend. as well as women in the US live a lot, much longer today than a century ago. This is in line with historical increases in life expectancy everywhere in the world.

Second, the gap is growing: Although the female advantage in life expectancy was once extremely small It has significantly increased over time.

You can confirm that the points you've listed are applicable to other countries that have information by clicking on the "Change country" option on the chart. This includes the UK, تحاميل مهبلية (glorynote.com) France, and Sweden.