Why Are Women Living Longer Than Men

Everywhere in the world women live longer than men - but this was not always the case. The available data from rich countries shows that women didn't live longer than men in the 19th century. What's the reason women live longer than men? And how is this difference growing in the past? There is only limited evidence and the evidence isn't sufficient to draw an unambiguous conclusion. Although we know that there are behavioral, biological as well as environmental factors which all play a part in women who live longer than males, we aren't sure what percentage each factor plays in.

We know that women live longer than men, regardless of their weight. However this is not due to the fact that certain non-biological aspects have changed. What are these factors that have changed? Some are well known and relatively straightforward, like the fact that men smoke more often. There are others that are more intricate. For example, تحاميل مهبلية there is evidence that in rich countries the female advantage increased in part because infectious diseases used to affect women disproportionately a century ago, so advances in medicine that reduced the long-term health burden from infectious diseases, especially for survivors, ended up raising women's longevity disproportionately.

Everywhere in the world women tend to live longer than men
The first chart below shows life expectancy at birth for men and women. We can see that every country is over the diagonal line of parity. This implies that a baby girl in every country can be expected to live for longer than her brothers.

It is interesting to note that, while the advantage for women exists everywhere, the country-specific differences are huge. In Russia women have a longer life span than men, while in Bhutan the difference is less than half each year.

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The advantage women had in life expectancy was smaller in developed countries that it is today.
We will now examine how the advantage of women in longevity has changed over time. The following chart shows the male and female lifespans at birth in the US from 1790 to 2014. Two aspects stand out.

The first is that there is an upward trend. Men and women in the United States live longer than they did 100 years ago. This is in line with historical increases in life expectancy everywhere in the world.

There is an ever-widening gap: تحاميل مهبلية (My Site) female advantage in terms of life expectancy used to be quite small however, it has increased significantly over the last century.

When you click on the option "Change country from the chart, you can check that these two points are applicable to other countries that have available information: Sweden, France and the UK.