Why Women Are More Likely To Live Longer Than Men

Everywhere in the world women live longer than men - but this was not always the case. The available data from rich countries shows that women didn't live longer than men in the 19th century. What's the reason why women are more likely to live longer than men? What is the reason does this benefit increase over time? We only have partial evidence and the evidence isn't sufficient to reach a definitive conclusion. We recognize that biological, behavioral and environmental factors all contribute to the fact that women live longer than men; However, we're not sure what the contribution to each of these variables is.

In spite of the precise amount of weight, we are aware that at least part of the reason why women live longer than men in the present but not in the past, is to have to do with the fact that certain key non-biological factors have changed. The factors changing are numerous. Some are well known and relatively straightforward, like the fact that men smoke more often. There are other issues that are more intricate. For example, there is evidence that in rich countries the female advantage increased in part because infectious diseases used to affect women disproportionately a century ago, so advances in medicine that reduced the long-term health burden from infectious diseases, especially for survivors, ended up raising women's longevity disproportionately.

Everywhere in the world women tend to live longer than men
The first chart below shows life expectancy at birth for اضيق وضعية للجماع men and women. We can see that every country is above the diagonal parity line ; this means in all countries baby girls can expect to live longer than a newborn boy.1

The chart above shows that the advantage of women exists everywhere, the difference between countries is huge. In Russia women have a longer life span than men, while in Bhutan the gap is just half an hour.

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In the richer countries, اضيق وضعية للجماع the women's advantage in longevity used to be smaller
We will now examine how the female advantage in longevity has changed with time. The chart below illustrates the gender-based and female-specific life expectancy at the birth in the US between 1790-2014. Two things stand out.

There is an upward trend. Both genders in the United States live longer than they were a century ago. This is in line with historical increases in life expectancy everywhere in the world.

Second, there's an increasing gap: The female advantage in life expectancy used be quite small but it increased substantially during the last century.

By selecting 'Change Country by country' in the chart, you will be able to verify that these two points are also applicable to other countries that have available data: Sweden, France and the UK.