Why Women Are More Likely To Live Longer Than Men

Everywhere in the world women live longer than men - but this was not always the case. The available data from rich countries shows that women didn't live longer than men in the 19th century. What's the reason why women live longer than men? What is the reason the advantage has grown in the past? There is only limited evidence and the evidence is not strong enough to make an absolute conclusion. We know that behavioral, biological and environmental factors all contribute to the fact that women live longer than men; however, we do not know how strong the relative contribution to each of these variables is.

We are aware that women are living longer than men, regardless of their weight. But this isn't because of certain non-biological factors have changed. The factors changing are numerous. Some are well known and تحاميل مهبلية relatively straightforward, like the fact that men smoke more often. There are other issues that are more intricate. For example, there is evidence that in rich countries the female advantage increased in part because infectious diseases used to affect women disproportionately a century ago, so advances in medicine that reduced the long-term health burden from infectious diseases, especially for survivors, ended up raising women's longevity disproportionately.

Everywhere in the world women tend to live longer than men
The first chart below shows life expectancy at birth for men and women. We can see that all countries are above the diagonal parity line - this means in all countries a newborn girl can expect to live longer than a new boy.1

The chart above shows that while the female advantage exists everywhere, the country-specific differences are huge. In Russia women live 10 years longer than men. In Bhutan the difference is less than half a calendar year.

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In countries with high incomes, the women's advantage in longevity was smaller
We will now examine how the gender advantage in terms of longevity has changed over time. The next chart shows male and female life expectancies at birth in the US during the time period between 1790 and 2014. Two things stand تحاميل مهبلية out.

The first is that there is an upward trend: Men and women in the US have a much longer life span longer than they did 100 years ago. This is in line with historical increases in life expectancy everywhere in the world.

The gap is widening: While the female advantage in life expectancy used to be extremely small It has significantly increased over time.

Using the option 'Change country from the chart, you are able to determine if these two points apply to other countries with available data: Sweden, France and the UK.