Why Women Live Longer Than Men

Everywhere in the world women live longer than men - but this was not always the case. The available data from rich countries shows that women didn't live longer than men in the 19th century. What's the reason women have a longer life span than men? Why is this difference growing in the past? The evidence isn't conclusive and تحاميل مهبلية we're only able to provide incomplete solutions. While we are aware that there are biological, psychological, and environmental factors that play an integral role in the longevity of women over males, we aren't sure what percentage each factor plays in.

It is known that women are living longer than males, regardless of weight. However it is not due to the fact that certain biological factors have changed. What are the factors that are changing? Some are well known and relatively straightforward, like the fact that men smoke more often. There are other issues that are more intricate. For example, there is evidence that in rich countries the female advantage increased in part because infectious diseases used to affect women disproportionately a century ago, so advances in medicine that reduced the long-term health burden from infectious diseases, especially for survivors, ended up raising women's longevity disproportionately.

Everywhere in the world women tend to live longer than men
The first chart below shows life expectancy at birth for men and women. We can see that every country is above the line of parity diagonally. This means that a newborn girl from every country could anticipate to live longer than her brother.

It is interesting to note that while the female advantage exists everywhere, the global differences are significant. In Russia women are 10 years older than men. In Bhutan the difference is less than half a year.

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In wealthy countries, the women's advantage in longevity used to be smaller
Let's look at how the advantage of women in longevity has changed with time. The next chart plots male and female life expectancy at birth in the US over the period 1790-2014. Two distinct points stand out.

First, there is an upward trend: Men and women in the US are living much, much longer than they did a century ago. This is in line with historical increases in life expectancy everywhere in the world.

The gap is getting wider: Although the advantage of women in life expectancy used to be quite small It has significantly increased in the past.

By selecting 'Change Country in the chart, you are able to confirm that the two points apply to the other countries having available data: تحاميل مهبلية Sweden, France and the UK.