Why Are Women Living Longer Than Men

Everywhere in the world women live longer than men - but this was not always the case. The available data from rich countries shows that women didn't live longer than men in the 19th century. What's the reason why women are more likely to live longer than men? And why the advantage has grown over time? The evidence is limited and ماذا يحدث بين الزوجين في الحمام بالصور (Find Out More) we only have partial answers. We know that behavioral, biological and environmental factors all contribute to the fact that women are healthier than men; however, we aren't sure how strong the relative contribution to each of these variables is.

We know that women live longer than males, regardless of weight. However, this is not because of certain non-biological aspects have changed. These factors are changing. Some are well known and relatively straightforward, like the fact that men smoke more often. Some are more complex. For example, there is evidence that in rich countries the female advantage increased in part because infectious diseases used to affect women disproportionately a century ago, so advances in medicine that reduced the long-term health burden from infectious diseases, especially for survivors, ended up raising women's longevity disproportionately.

Everywhere in the world women tend to live longer than men
The first chart below shows life expectancy at birth for men and women. It is clear that all countries are above the diagonal line of parity. This means that a newborn girl from any country can anticipate to live longer than her brother.

This graph shows that although women have an advantage throughout the world, the differences between countries can be substantial. In Russia, women live 10 years longer than men. In Bhutan, the difference is less than half a calendar year.

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In wealthy countries, the longevity advantage for women was smaller
Let's examine how the female longevity advantage has changed in the course of time. The following chart shows the male and female life expectancies at the time of birth in the US during the period 1790 to 2014. Two distinct features stand out.

The first is that there is an upward trend. Both men and women in the US have a much longer life span longer than they did 100 years ago. This is in line with historical increases in life expectancy everywhere in the world.

Second, the gap is increasing: While the advantage of women in life expectancy used to be extremely small It has significantly increased over time.

If you select the option "Change country from the chart, determine if these two points also apply to the other countries with available information: Sweden, France and the UK.