Why Are Women Living Longer Than Men

Everywhere in the world women live longer than men - but this was not always the case. The available data from rich countries shows that women didn't live longer than men in the 19th century. What is the reason women have a longer life span than men? What is the reason does this benefit increase as time passes? The evidence isn't conclusive and we're left with only some solutions. Although we know that there are behavioral, افضل شامبو وبلسم biological and environmental factors which play a significant role in women who live longer than males, we aren't sure what percentage each factor plays in.

We have learned that women live longer than males, regardless of weight. However it is not because of certain biological or non-biological factors have changed. These variables are evolving. Some are well known and relatively straightforward, like the fact that men smoke more often. Some are more complex. For example, there is evidence that in rich countries the female advantage increased in part because infectious diseases used to affect women disproportionately a century ago, so advances in medicine that reduced the long-term health burden from infectious diseases, especially for survivors, ended up raising women's longevity disproportionately.

Everywhere in the world women tend to live longer than men
The first chart below shows life expectancy at birth for men and women. As you can see, every country is above the diagonal parity line , it means that in all nations a newborn girl can expect to live longer than a newborn boy.1

The chart below shows that while there is a female advantage throughout the world, the differences between countries are often significant. In Russia women live 10 years longer than men, while in Bhutan the difference is just half each year.

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The advantage of women in terms of life expectancy was lower in countries with higher incomes as compared to the present.
Let's see how the female longevity advantage has changed over time. The next chart plots the male and female lifespans at birth in the US between 1790 and 2014. Two distinct features stand out.

First, there is an upward trend. Men and women living in America are living longer than they used to a century ago. This is in line with historical increases in life expectancy everywhere in the world.

Second, the gap is growing: Although the advantage of women in life expectancy was extremely small, it has increased substantially over time.

If you select the option "Change country from the chart, check that these two points also apply to other countries that have available information: Sweden, France and the UK.