Why Women Live Longer Than Men

Everywhere in the world women live longer than men - but this was not always the case. The available data from rich countries shows that women didn't live longer than men in the 19th century. Why do women live more than men do today, and افضل شامبو وبلسم why does this benefit increase over time? The evidence is sketchy and we're only able to provide incomplete solutions. Although we know that there are biological, psychological and environmental variables that all play a role in women's longevity more than males, it isn't clear the extent to which each factor plays a role.

We know that women live longer than men, regardless of their weight. But this isn't due to the fact that certain biological factors have changed. What are these new factors? Some are well known and relatively straightforward, like the fact that men smoke more often. Others are more complex. For example, there is evidence that in rich countries the female advantage increased in part because infectious diseases used to affect women disproportionately a century ago, so advances in medicine that reduced the long-term health burden from infectious diseases, especially for survivors, ended up raising women's longevity disproportionately.

Everywhere in the world women tend to live longer than men
The first chart below shows life expectancy at birth for men and افضل شامبو وبلسم women. As we can see, all countries are above the diagonal line of parity - which means that in every country that a baby girl can be expected to live longer than a new boy.1

This chart is interesting in that it shows that, while the advantage for women is present everywhere, cross-country differences are large. In Russia, women live for 10 years longer than men. In Bhutan the gap is just half a year.

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In wealthy countries, the women's advantage in longevity used to be smaller
Let's now look at how the gender advantage in life expectancy has changed over time. The following chart shows male and female life expectancies when they were born in the US between 1790 and 2014. Two distinct features stand out.

The first is that there is an upward trend. Men and women in America have longer lives than they used to 100 years ago. This is in line with historical increases in life expectancy everywhere in the world.

Second, there's an increasing gap: The female advantage in life expectancy used be very small however it increased dramatically over the course of the last century.

You can check if these are applicable to other countries with information by clicking on the "Change country" option on the chart. This includes the UK, France, and Sweden.