Why Are Women Living Longer Than Men

Everywhere in the world women live longer than men - but this was not always the case. The available data from rich countries shows that women didn't live longer than men in the 19th century. What's the reason women are more likely to live longer than men? Why the advantage has grown in the past? We only have a few clues and the evidence is not sufficient to draw a definitive conclusion. We are aware that behavioral, biological and environmental factors contribute to the fact that women live longer than men; however, we do not know how much the influence of each factor العاب زوجية is.

We have learned that women are living longer than males, العاب زوجية regardless of weight. However, this is not because of certain biological factors have changed. These are the factors that are changing. Some are well known and relatively straightforward, like the fact that men smoke more often. There are other issues that are more intricate. For example, there is evidence that in rich countries the female advantage increased in part because infectious diseases used to affect women disproportionately a century ago, so advances in medicine that reduced the long-term health burden from infectious diseases, especially for survivors, ended up raising women's longevity disproportionately.

Everywhere in the world women tend to live longer than men
The first chart below shows life expectancy at birth for men and women. As we can see, all countries are above the diagonal line of parity - which means that in every country the newborn girl is likely to live longer than a new boy.1

It is interesting to note that, while the advantage for women is present everywhere, country-specific differences are huge. In Russia women live 10 years longer than men; in Bhutan the difference is just half a year.

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The advantage of women in terms of life expectancy was lower in rich countries as compared to the present.
Let's now look at how the female advantage in longevity has changed with time. The chart below illustrates the male and female life expectancies at birth in the US in the years 1790 to 2014. Two distinct points stand out.

The first is that there is an upward trend. as well as women in the US live a lot, much longer than they did a century ago. This is in line with historical increases in life expectancy everywhere in the world.

Second, the gap is growing: Although the female advantage in life expectancy used to be very small It has significantly increased over time.

You can confirm that the points you've listed are applicable to other countries with data by selecting the "Change country" option in the chart. This includes the UK, France, and Sweden.