Why Are Women Living Longer Than Men

Everywhere in the world women live longer than men - but this was not always the case. The available data from rich countries shows that women didn't live longer than men in the 19th century. What is the reason women live much longer than men today and why is this difference growing over time? The evidence is limited and we're only able to provide limited solutions. Although we know that there are behavioral, biological and environmental variables that all play a role in women living longer than men, we don't know the extent to which each factor plays a role.

We have learned that women live longer than men, regardless of their weight. However this isn't due to the fact that certain non-biological factors have changed. These factors are changing. Some are well known and relatively straightforward, like the fact that men smoke more often. Others are more complicated. For example, ماذا يحدث بين الزوجين في الحمام بالصور there is evidence that in rich countries the female advantage increased in part because infectious diseases used to affect women disproportionately a century ago, so advances in medicine that reduced the long-term health burden from infectious diseases, especially for survivors, ended up raising women's longevity disproportionately.

Everywhere in the world women tend to live longer than men
The first chart below shows life expectancy at birth for men and women. It is clear that every country is above the line of parity diagonally. This means that a newborn girl in every country can expect to live longer than her younger brother.

This chart shows that, although women have an advantage in all countries, the differences across countries could be significant. In Russia, women live for 10 years longer than males. In Bhutan there is a difference of only half a year.

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The advantage women had in life expectancy was less in developed countries as compared to the present.
We will now examine how the advantage of women in longevity has changed over time. The next chart shows male and female life expectancy at birth in the US during the time period between 1790 and 2014. Two points stand out.

There is an upward trend. Men and women in America have longer lives than they used to 100 years ago. This is in line with historical increases in life expectancy everywhere in the world.

Second, the gap is growing: Although the advantage of women in life expectancy was once tiny It has significantly increased with time.

You can verify that the points you've listed are applicable to other countries with data by clicking the "Change country" option in the chart. This includes the UK, France, and Sweden.