Why Women Live Longer Than Men

Everywhere in the world women live longer than men - but this was not always the case. The available data from rich countries shows that women didn't live longer than men in the 19th century. What is the reason women live more than men do today and اوضاع الجماع why has this advantage increased in the past? We only have a few clues and the evidence is not sufficient to support an informed conclusion. We know that behavioral, biological and environmental factors all play a role in the fact that women live longer than men; but we don't know exactly how strong the relative contribution of each factor is.

In spite of the amount of weight, we are aware that a large portion of the reason why women live so much longer than men, but not in the past, is to have to do with the fact that some important non-biological aspects have changed. These variables are evolving. Some are well known and relatively straightforward, like the fact that men smoke more often. There are others that are more intricate. For example, there is evidence that in rich countries the female advantage increased in part because infectious diseases used to affect women disproportionately a century ago, so advances in medicine that reduced the long-term health burden from infectious diseases, especially for survivors, ended up raising women's longevity disproportionately.

Everywhere in the world women tend to live longer than men
The first chart below shows life expectancy at birth for men and women. As we can see, every country is above the diagonal parity line ; which means that in every country that a baby girl can be expected to live for longer than a new boy.1

The chart above shows that the advantage of women exists everywhere, the country-specific differences are huge. In Russia women live 10 years more than men. In Bhutan, the difference is just half a year.

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The advantage of women in life expectancy was much lower in rich countries than it is today.
Let's now look at how the gender advantage in longevity has changed with time. The next chart shows the life expectancy of males and females when they were born in the US during the time period between 1790 and 2014. Two distinct points stand out.

There is an upward trend. Men and women living in America are living longer than they were a century ago. This is in line with historical increases in life expectancy everywhere in the world.

Second, اوضاع الجماع the gap is increasing: While the advantage of women in life expectancy was once tiny but it has risen significantly over time.

When you click on the option "Change country in the chart, you are able to verify that these two points are applicable to the other countries having available data: Sweden, France and the UK.