Why Are Women Living Longer Than Men

Everywhere in the world women live longer than men - but this was not always the case. The available data from rich countries shows that women didn't live longer than men in the 19th century. What's the reason women have a longer life span than men? Why is this difference growing in the past? The evidence is sketchy and we have only limited solutions. We are aware that behavioral, biological and environmental factors all contribute to the fact that women have longer life spans than men, however, we aren't sure how strong the relative contribution to each of these variables is.

We know that women live longer than men, regardless of their weight. But, this is not due to the fact that certain biological factors have changed. The factors changing are numerous. Some are well known and relatively straightforward, like the fact that men smoke more often. There are others that are more intricate. For example, there is evidence that in rich countries the female advantage increased in part because infectious diseases used to affect women disproportionately a century ago, so advances in medicine that reduced the long-term health burden from infectious diseases, especially for survivors, ended up raising women's longevity disproportionately.

Everywhere in the world women tend to live longer than men
The first chart below shows life expectancy at birth for men and women. We can see that every country is over the line of parity diagonally. This means that a newborn girl in every country can anticipate to live longer than her younger brother.

It is interesting to note that, while the advantage for ابر التخسيس women is present everywhere, country-specific differences are huge. In Russia, women live 10 years more than males. In Bhutan there is a difference of just half a year.

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The advantage of women in life expectancy was smaller in developed countries than it is today.
Let's look at how the female advantage in life expectancy has changed over time. The following chart shows the men and women's life expectancies at birth in the US from 1790 to 2014. Two points stand out.

First, there's an upward trend. as well as women in the US live a lot, much longer than they did 100 years ago. This is in line with historical increases in life expectancy everywhere in the world.

There is an increase in the gap between men and ابر التخسيس women: female advantage in terms of life expectancy used be extremely small, but it grew substantially over the last century.

If you select the option "Change country by country' in the chart, verify that these two points also apply to the other countries with available information: Sweden, France and the UK.