Why Women Live Longer Than Men

Everywhere in the world women live longer than men - but this was not always the case. The available data from rich countries shows that women didn't live longer than men in the 19th century. Why do women live so longer than men and how is this difference growing over time? We have only a small amount of evidence and the evidence is not sufficient to reach an absolute conclusion. Although we know that there are biological, behavioral and environmental variables which play a significant role in the longevity of women over men, we don't know what percentage each factor اضيق وضعية للجماع plays in.

We have learned that women are living longer than males, regardless of weight. But this is not because of certain biological factors have changed. What are these new factors? Some are well known and relatively straightforward, like the fact that men smoke more often. Others are more complex. For example, there is evidence that in rich countries the female advantage increased in part because infectious diseases used to affect women disproportionately a century ago, so advances in medicine that reduced the long-term health burden from infectious diseases, especially for survivors, ended up raising women's longevity disproportionately.

Everywhere in the world women tend to live longer than men
The first chart below shows life expectancy at birth for men and women. As we can see, all countries are above the diagonal parity line , this means that in all countries baby girls can expect to live longer than a newborn boy.1

The chart below shows that even though women enjoy an advantage throughout the world, the differences between countries can be substantial. In Russia, women live for 10 years longer than males. In Bhutan the gap is just half a year.

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The advantage for women in life expectancy was less in rich countries that it is today.
Let's look at how the female advantage in longevity has changed over time. The next chart shows the male and female lifespans when they were born in the US during the time period between 1790 and 2014. Two points stand out.

First, اضيق وضعية للجماع there is an upward trend. Women and men in the United States live longer than they used to 100 years ago. This is in line with historical increases in life expectancy everywhere in the world.

Second, there's an ever-widening gap: female advantage in life expectancy used be extremely small however, it has increased significantly over the last century.

You can confirm that these points are also applicable to other countries that have data by clicking on the "Change country" option in the chart. This includes the UK, France, and Sweden.