Why Women Are More Likely To Live Longer Than Men

Everywhere in the world women live longer than men - but this was not always the case. The available data from rich countries shows that women didn't live longer than men in the 19th century. Why do women live longer than men in the present, and why has this advantage increased in the past? The evidence is sketchy and we have only some answers. We are aware that behavioral, biological and environmental factors contribute to the fact that women live longer than men; however, we do not know what the contribution of each factor is.

In spite of the precise weight, we know that at a minimum, the reason why women live so much longer than men in the present, but not in the past, is to relate to the fact that some significant non-biological elements have changed. These variables are evolving. Some are well known and relatively straightforward, like the fact that men smoke more often. Some are more complex. For example, there is evidence that in rich countries the female advantage increased in part because infectious diseases used to affect women disproportionately a century ago, so advances in medicine that reduced the long-term health burden from infectious diseases, especially for survivors, ended up raising women's longevity disproportionately.

Everywhere in the world women tend to live longer than men
The first chart below shows life expectancy at birth for افضل كريم للشعر men and women. As you can see, every country is above the diagonal parity line - which means that in every country a newborn girl can expect to live longer than a new boy.1

The chart above shows that the advantage of women is present everywhere, global differences are significant. In Russia women live 10 years longer than males. In Bhutan the gap is only half a year.

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In rich countries the female advantage in longevity was not as great.
Let's now look at how the gender advantage in terms of longevity has changed over time. The chart below shows gender-based and female-specific life expectancy at the time of birth in the US from 1790 to 2014. Two areas stand out.

The first is that there is an upward trend. Both genders living in America are living longer than they were a century ago. This is in line with historical increases in life expectancy everywhere in the world.

The gap is widening: While the advantage of women in life expectancy was very small however, it has grown significantly in the past.

You can check if the points you've listed are applicable to other countries that have data by selecting the "Change country" option in the chart. This includes the UK, France, افضل كريم للشعر and Sweden.