Why Women Live Longer Than Men

Everywhere in the world women live longer than men - but this was not always the case. The available data from rich countries shows that women didn't live longer than men in the 19th century. What makes women live longer than men, and why has this advantage increased over time? The evidence isn't conclusive and we have only some answers. While we are aware that there are biological, كيفية ممارسة العلاقة الزوجية فى الاسلام psychological and environmental factors which all play a part in women's longevity more than males, we aren't sure what percentage each factor plays in.

We are aware that women are living longer than men, regardless of their weight. However this is not because of certain biological factors have changed. What are the factors that are changing? Some are well known and relatively straightforward, like the fact that men smoke more often. Certain are more complicated. For example, there is evidence that in rich countries the female advantage increased in part because infectious diseases used to affect women disproportionately a century ago, so advances in medicine that reduced the long-term health burden from infectious diseases, especially for survivors, ended up raising women's longevity disproportionately.

Everywhere in the world women tend to live longer than men
The first chart below shows life expectancy at birth for men and women. As you can see, every country is above the diagonal parity line - it means that in all nations that a baby girl can be expected to live for longer than a newborn boy.1

It is interesting to note that, while the advantage for women exists everywhere, the global differences are significant. In Russia women live 10 years longer than males. In Bhutan there is a difference of less that half a year.

__S.17__
__S.19__
The female advantage in terms of life expectancy was lower in the richer countries that it is today.
Let's see how the female longevity advantage has changed over time. The following chart shows male and female life expectancy when they were born in the US over the period 1790-2014. Two aspects stand كيفية ممارسة العلاقة الزوجية فى الاسلام out.

First, there is an upward trend. Both genders living in America are living longer than they were 100 years ago. This is in line with historical increases in life expectancy everywhere in the world.

Second, the gap is growing: Although the female advantage in terms of life expectancy was quite small however, it has grown significantly with time.

Using the option 'Change country from the chart, check that these two points apply to the other countries with available information: Sweden, France and the UK.