Why Women Live Longer Than Men

Everywhere in the world women live longer than men - but this was not always the case. The available data from rich countries shows that women didn't live longer than men in the 19th century. What is the reason women have a longer life span than men? And why is this difference growing as time passes? The evidence is limited and we're only able to provide some answers. We are aware that behavioral, biological and environmental factors all contribute to the fact that women live longer than men; but we don't know exactly how much the influence of each one of these factors is.

In spite of how much amount, we can say that at a minimum, the reason why women live so much longer than men do today and not previously, has to do with the fact that certain important non-biological aspects have changed. What are the factors that are changing? Some are well known and relatively straightforward, like the fact that men smoke more often. Other are more complicated. For العاب زوجية example, there is evidence that in rich countries the female advantage increased in part because infectious diseases used to affect women disproportionately a century ago, so advances in medicine that reduced the long-term health burden from infectious diseases, especially for survivors, ended up raising women's longevity disproportionately.

Everywhere in the world women tend to live longer than men
The first chart below shows life expectancy at birth for men and women. We can see that all countries are over the line of parity diagonally. This means that a newborn girl in every country can anticipate to live longer than her older brother.

It is interesting to note that the advantage of women exists everywhere, the global differences are significant. In Russia women live 10 years more than men. In Bhutan the difference is just half a year.

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The advantage for العاب زوجية women in terms of life expectancy was lower in countries with higher incomes as compared to the present.
Let's now look at how the gender advantage in terms of longevity has changed over time. The chart below illustrates the men and women's life expectancies at birth in the US during the period 1790 to 2014. Two things stand out.

First, there is an upward trend. Men and women living in America are living longer than they were 100 years ago. This is in line with historical increases in life expectancy everywhere in the world.

Second, there's an ever-widening gap: female advantage in life expectancy used be extremely small however it increased dramatically over the last century.

You can confirm that the points you've listed are applicable to other countries that have information by clicking on the "Change country" option on the chart. This includes the UK, France, and Sweden.