Why Are Women Living Longer Than Men

Everywhere in the world women live longer than men - but this was not always the case. The available data from rich countries shows that women didn't live longer than men in the 19th century. Why do women live longer than men and how has this advantage increased over time? We have only a small amount of evidence and the evidence isn't sufficient to support an absolute conclusion. We know there are biological, زيوت تطويل الشعر psychological and environmental factors that play an integral role in women who live longer than men, we do not know how much each factor contributes.

We have learned that women are living longer than males, regardless of weight. However it is not due to the fact that certain biological or non-biological factors have changed. These factors are changing. Some are well known and relatively straightforward, like the fact that men smoke more often. Some are more complex. For example, there is evidence that in rich countries the female advantage increased in part because infectious diseases used to affect women disproportionately a century ago, so advances in medicine that reduced the long-term health burden from infectious diseases, especially for survivors, ended up raising women's longevity disproportionately.

Everywhere in the world women tend to live longer than men
The first chart below shows life expectancy at birth for زيوت تطويل الشعر men and women. As we can see, every country is above the diagonal parity line - this means in all countries baby girls can expect to live longer than a newborn boy.1

It is interesting to note that the advantage of women exists in all countries, global differences are significant. In Russia women live for 10 years longer than males. In Bhutan, the difference is less than half a calendar year.

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In the richer countries, the advantage of women in longevity used to be smaller
Let's look at how the female advantage in longevity has changed with time. The chart below shows male and female life expectancy at the time of birth in the US between 1790 to 2014. Two specific points stand out.

The first is that there is an upward trend. Both genders in the United States live longer than they were 100 years ago. This is in line with historical increases in life expectancy everywhere in the world.

Second, the gap is increasing: While the female advantage in terms of life expectancy was extremely small but it has risen significantly over time.

By selecting 'Change Country from the chart, you will be able to verify that these two points also apply to the other countries having available information: Sweden, France and the UK.