Why Are Women Living Longer Than Men

Everywhere in the world women live longer than men - but this was not always the case. The available data from rich countries shows that women didn't live longer than men in the 19th century. Why do women live so longer than men, and why has this advantage increased over time? We have only a small amount of evidence and the evidence is not sufficient to draw an unambiguous conclusion. While we are aware that there are biological, psychological, and environmental factors which all play a part in women who live longer than men, we do not know the extent to which each factor plays a role.

We are aware that women are living longer than men, regardless of weight. However this is not due to the fact that certain non-biological aspects have changed. These factors are changing. Some are well known and relatively straightforward, like the fact that men smoke more often. Certain are more complicated. For example, there is evidence that in rich countries the female advantage increased in part because infectious diseases used to affect women disproportionately a century ago, so advances in medicine that reduced the long-term health burden from infectious diseases, especially for survivors, ended up raising women's longevity disproportionately.

Everywhere in the world women tend to live longer than men
The first chart below shows life expectancy at birth for men and women. We can see that every country is above the diagonal line of parity. This means that a newborn girl from every country could anticipate to live longer than her older brother.

This graph shows that even though women enjoy an advantage in all countries, ماذا يحدث بين الزوجين في الحمام بالصور the differences across countries could be significant. In Russia women live 10 years more than males. In Bhutan the difference is less that half a year.

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In wealthy countries, the longevity advantage for women was not as great.
Let's now look at how the advantage of women in longevity has changed with time. The following chart shows the men and women's life expectancies when they were born in the US between 1790 until 2014. Two specific points stand out.

First, there is an upward trend. Women and men in America live longer than they were a century ago. This is in line with historical increases in life expectancy everywhere in the world.

The gap is getting wider: ماذا يحدث بين الزوجين في الحمام بالصور (this link) Although the female advantage in terms of life expectancy was quite small, it has increased substantially over time.

By selecting 'Change Country' on the chart, you will be able to determine if these two points are applicable to the other countries having available information: Sweden, France and the UK.